SETIAWAN, GREGORIUS NICO ADI (2021) THE MECHANISM OF MICROORGANISMS BIODEGRADATION OF POLYETHYLENE PLASTIC AS FOOD PACKAGING MATERIAL: A REVIEW. Other thesis, Universitas Katholik Soegijapranata Semarang.
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Abstract
Plastic is one of the products derived from petrochemical industries that is synthetically made by combining the monomers and added chemical additives to make it into long polymeric chains. One example of plastics is polyethylene that is primarily used in the food packaging industry. Polyethylene is one type of plastic that recalcitrant to degrade naturally; that is why many researchers are focusing on finding the potential microorganisms that suitable to degrade polyethylene material. A number of bacterial species have been identified as the ability to degrade polyethylene, namely Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas putida, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Brevibacillus parabrevis, Brevibacillus borstelensis, and many others. Also, there are some species from fungi that are able to degrade polyethylene material such as Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus falvus, Aspergillus glaucus, Penicillium frequentans, Penicillium pinophilum, Mucor circinelloides, etc. A few species from Actinomycetes are also known for their ability to degrade polyethylene such as Streptomyces and Nocardia asteroides. Those bacteria and fungi species, each of them has different ability in biodegradation depends on the supporting factor such as composition and structure of the polymer, molecular weight, crystallinity, hydrophobic character, environment condition, the ability of biofilm formation, additives, surfactant, and pretreatment to microorganism or polymer. However, the biodegradation mechanism from each microorganism will affect the effectiveness of the biodegradation process. The biodegradation mechanisms from bacteria ares by forming a biofilm on the plastic surface and secreting the extracellular enzyme that will scrape the polymer surface, while the mechanism from fungi is by using their hyphae to penetrate the polymer matrix and destroy it from the inside. Another research has found that bacteria-fungi consortium effectively maximizes the biodegradation process. The reason is that fungi will grow the hyphae to damage the polymer structure to the inside, while bacteria can easily penetrate and secrete extracellular enzymes. However, until today it is hard to know or conclude the most efficient microorganism to degrade polyethylene because of the differences of factors and conditions that affect every research. There is a need for more research about the most suitable combination of biodegradation assessment to achieve the high accuracy result to calculate the biodegradation rate.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 660 Chemical engineering > Food Technology > Food Packaging |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Agricultural Technology > Department of Food Technology |
| Depositing User: | mr AM. Pudja Adjie Sudoso |
| Date Deposited: | 22 Jun 2021 05:42 |
| Last Modified: | 22 Jun 2021 05:42 |
| URI: | http://repository.unika.ac.id/id/eprint/25810 |
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